WHEN I asked some 30 children in class what was the most difficult about learning English, they looked at me and said nothing. They seemed lost.
It was early on a Saturday morning some weeks ago and it was my first day as a volunteer to teach “conversation English”. The venue was a study room in one of the mosques in Petaling Jaya. If I could sense their command of English was suspect in urban Petaling Jaya, imagine the rural areas. I am not an educationist nor a teacher, but there is something not quite right about the teaching of English in our schools.
The children have gone through at least five years of learning English. They understand basic grammar and are quite aware of the meaning of basic words. In short, they understand what is said, but find it difficult to express themselves. The problem with our kids is that they have little opportunity to practise the language. Or they believe there is no necessity for English other than to pass examinations, making it almost impossible for them to master the language.
Like any other language, to be able to converse in English, you have to practise instead of just learning grammar. We can teach them conjunctions, the difference between a noun and a verb, force them to memorise past and present tenses, and let them write down the correct spelling but if they do not converse in English, they are not actually learning it.
Speak to children in English or coax them to talk to you in English, and you realise you have difficulties. More often than not, you have to translate the words into a familiar language and explain each meaning.
I did that. I let them hear their own voices saying the words. I encouraged them to speak up regardless of how incorrect it might be. Even “broken English” suits me for starters, as long as they converse in English. I assure you it is not easy.
Most kids are embarrassed because they do not know the appropriate words to express themselves. Many would rather remain silent. It is up to me to create a comfortable and enjoyable atmosphere to encourage them to speak up.
They found word games such as Hot Seats, Hangman and Chinese Whispers fun and they took part enthusiastically. Baby steps, indeed. Tongue twister games allow them to laugh at themselves and at their peers and, later, will motivate them to get it right.
I spent a lot of time stressing pronunciation and intonation. I believe if I can get the children to say the words correctly, sentence structures will come naturally.
I made full use of popular English nursery rhymes. It doesn’t matter how old the children are, as long as they are beginners in English, nursery rhymes provide the best introduction to English words and sentence construction.
Children will learn to say rhymes aloud and get a feel of the words and sentences. Not surprisingly, they enjoyed the rhymes. They memorised them and became curious to know the meanings and the stories behind the popular ones. I was told that was how the earlier generation learned English — by using nursery rhymes and dramas.
At first, it’s just like singers who can’t speak a word of English but can sing songs in the language almost flawlessly.
I found that after a few sessions working with children using nursery rhymes, they began to enjoy them — completing the first step in making them speak English. For many of them it was an eye-opener. Many have never heard of Three Bags Full, Baa, Baa, Black Sheep, Humpty Dumpty, Hickory, Dickory, Dock or Jack and Jill. These are rhymes from an alien, faraway culture. But isn’t English a foreign language originating from thousands of kilometres away?
True, English is no more the language of the English. It has developed into a truly global language, especially with the advent of the Internet. Perhaps even native English speakers are “spoilers” of the language now. Others are better speakers and writers of the language. Native English speakers may have been taking the language for granted, just like the Malays in this country take Bahasa Malaysia for granted.
I learned something valuable: be generous with children. Do not penalise them. They hate English because it is a compulsory subject. They find English “difficult” just like Mathematics or Science. They hate anything “difficult”.
I found out also that there is no joy in learning English. I called it teaching English the straightjacket way. It bores them.
They seldom converse with their peers in English. Why should they? They are comfortable in their ethnic enclaves, and with the reversal of the policy of teaching of Science and Mathematics in English, they don’t find English “useful” anymore. English has overstayed its welcome in national schools, at least that is the perception.
In fact, trying to coax their peers to speak English with them will result in a backlash. Berlagak (showing off) is the dreaded word levelled at English speakers in schools. My experience when I was in school (also in Petaling Jaya) was that there were two classes of students — the English and non-English speakers. The “divide” is evident even in urban schools. This is the reality most schools would not want to address.
It is sad that the divide escalates into class wars and to the detriment of integration among students. Little wonder that it is difficult to address racial issues even in our multi-ethnic schools.
Learning a foreign language, English included, is always a tedious task, especially when it is done unwillingly. Children must enjoy studying the language. There must be a reason for their reluctance to master the language.
It can’t be that they are not aware of the importance of English. They are not naive. I am sure they know we simply can’t live without the language. Their future depends on their having a good command of the language.
I learnt another lesson. When I asked my pupils what was the hardest thing about learning English, I realised that they stared back at me not because they didn’t want to answer my question but because they didn’t know how to.
It’s time we teach them how.
• The writer is a final-year student of English Literature at Greenwich University near London.
Monday, September 27, 2010
Najib urges world’s moderates to work together to over come extremists
EXTREMISM in all manner and forms, which is hijacking the international agenda and threatening peace and prag matism, must be defeated by moderation before a more peaceful, secure and equitable world can be attained.
Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak urged nations to reclaim the centre and moral high ground from extremists who had somehow hijacked the international agenda.
This, he added, was a matter of great urgency and should be given priority, for time was not on their side.
“It is time for moderates of all countries and religions to take back the centre, to reclaim the agenda for peace and pragmatism, and to marginalise the extremists,” he said in his inaugural address at the 65th United Nations General Assembly.
Najib urged the building of a “Global Movement of the Moderates” from all faiths to work together to combat extremism that was holding the world hostage with bigotry and bias, and to save the world from sinking into the abyss of despair and depravation.
"Across all religions, we have inadvertently allowed the ugly voices of the periphery to drown out the many voices of reason and common sense.
“We must choose moderation over extremism. We must choose negotiations over confrontation. We must choose to work together and not against each other.”
The rise in Islamophobia, for instance, was affecting the efforts to promote peace and harmony in some parts of the world.
Similarly, attempts to demonise Islam offended 1.5 billion believers and intensified the divide between the Muslim world and the West.
“The real issue is not between Muslims and non-Muslims but between the moderates and extremists of all religions, be they Islam, Christianity or Judaism.”
Najib said in this regard, he was encouraged by a group of American Evangelical Christians that worked hard to prevent the burning of the Quran with the compelling argument that it was un-Christian to do so.
They were examples of moderates who stood up to the extremists who were trying to hijack the universal values of religions.
He also commended President Barack Obama and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg for affirming the Cordoba House project, which will include a mosque and a multifaith community centre, to be built near Ground Zero.
The project had been politicised and opposed because of suggestions that the building would celebrate the extremists who were involved in the Sept 11, 2001 attacks in New York and would tarnish the memories of those who had lost their lives.
“All countries should encourage and support initiatives that promote mutual respect and peaceful co-existence, and reject the extremists who divide us with issues that have, in the past, brought misery and hatred.”
Najib said Malaysia, for example, with its multiracial, multireligious, multicultural and democratic society, benefited from its diversity.
Although Islam was the official religion, religious practices and houses of worship coexisted in harmony.
Malaysia, which was at the crossroads of major civilisations and religions, would be well-poised to play a part in promoting religious understanding, harmony and tolerance.
Najib said he introduced 1Malaysia as a philosophy and vision that sought to bring Malaysians together by accepting diversity as a source of greater unity.
The prime minister also reaffirmed Malaysia’s unwavering support for the United Nations and the multilateral principles, and that all nations, no matter how large or small, rich or poor, strong or weak, have a common responsibility to create a better world.
The challenge of ensuring a just, equitable and durable peace could only be met with constructive engagement and dialogue.
He said Malaysia was encouraged by the efforts of the Obama administration, among others, in seeking a comprehensive and lasting solution to the Palestinian-Israeli issue.
For a resolution however, he said, among others, Israel must stop building settlements in disputed territories, Palestinians of all factions must unite, and all parties must eschew violence and ensure the protection of civilians and respect for international humanitarian and human rights law.
On international trade, he said the World Trade Organisation remained relevant and Malaysia believed that the Doha Round of multilateral talks must return to its original objectives to ensure free, fair and equitable trade.
Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak urged nations to reclaim the centre and moral high ground from extremists who had somehow hijacked the international agenda.
This, he added, was a matter of great urgency and should be given priority, for time was not on their side.
“It is time for moderates of all countries and religions to take back the centre, to reclaim the agenda for peace and pragmatism, and to marginalise the extremists,” he said in his inaugural address at the 65th United Nations General Assembly.
Najib urged the building of a “Global Movement of the Moderates” from all faiths to work together to combat extremism that was holding the world hostage with bigotry and bias, and to save the world from sinking into the abyss of despair and depravation.
"Across all religions, we have inadvertently allowed the ugly voices of the periphery to drown out the many voices of reason and common sense.
“We must choose moderation over extremism. We must choose negotiations over confrontation. We must choose to work together and not against each other.”
The rise in Islamophobia, for instance, was affecting the efforts to promote peace and harmony in some parts of the world.
Similarly, attempts to demonise Islam offended 1.5 billion believers and intensified the divide between the Muslim world and the West.
“The real issue is not between Muslims and non-Muslims but between the moderates and extremists of all religions, be they Islam, Christianity or Judaism.”
Najib said in this regard, he was encouraged by a group of American Evangelical Christians that worked hard to prevent the burning of the Quran with the compelling argument that it was un-Christian to do so.
They were examples of moderates who stood up to the extremists who were trying to hijack the universal values of religions.
He also commended President Barack Obama and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg for affirming the Cordoba House project, which will include a mosque and a multifaith community centre, to be built near Ground Zero.
The project had been politicised and opposed because of suggestions that the building would celebrate the extremists who were involved in the Sept 11, 2001 attacks in New York and would tarnish the memories of those who had lost their lives.
“All countries should encourage and support initiatives that promote mutual respect and peaceful co-existence, and reject the extremists who divide us with issues that have, in the past, brought misery and hatred.”
Najib said Malaysia, for example, with its multiracial, multireligious, multicultural and democratic society, benefited from its diversity.
Although Islam was the official religion, religious practices and houses of worship coexisted in harmony.
Malaysia, which was at the crossroads of major civilisations and religions, would be well-poised to play a part in promoting religious understanding, harmony and tolerance.
Najib said he introduced 1Malaysia as a philosophy and vision that sought to bring Malaysians together by accepting diversity as a source of greater unity.
The prime minister also reaffirmed Malaysia’s unwavering support for the United Nations and the multilateral principles, and that all nations, no matter how large or small, rich or poor, strong or weak, have a common responsibility to create a better world.
The challenge of ensuring a just, equitable and durable peace could only be met with constructive engagement and dialogue.
He said Malaysia was encouraged by the efforts of the Obama administration, among others, in seeking a comprehensive and lasting solution to the Palestinian-Israeli issue.
For a resolution however, he said, among others, Israel must stop building settlements in disputed territories, Palestinians of all factions must unite, and all parties must eschew violence and ensure the protection of civilians and respect for international humanitarian and human rights law.
On international trade, he said the World Trade Organisation remained relevant and Malaysia believed that the Doha Round of multilateral talks must return to its original objectives to ensure free, fair and equitable trade.
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